Ce qui a été mentionné à propos des esclaves — Kitāb al-Zuhd

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1.Al-Ḥusayn ibn Saʿīd narrated to us, “Al-Qāsim ibn ʿAlī narrated to us from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Jaʿfar (a) who said, ‘My father once struck his servant boy with a single whip. He had sent him on an errand but he delayed [in doing what was required]. So the servant boy cried and said, ‘Allah! O ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, you send me on an errand and then strike me?!’ So my father began to cry and said [to me], ‘O my son, go to the grave of the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) and offer two rakʿahs of prayer, and then say, “O Allah, forgive ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn for his mistake on the Day of Judgment.”’ Then he told the servant boy, ‘Go, for you are free in the way of Allah!’” Abū Baṣīr said, “I asked him, ‘May I be your ransom! Was the emancipation [of his servant] an expiation for the sin?’ But he remained silent.”

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2.Faḍālah narrated from Dāwūd ibn Farqad who said, “I heard Abā ʿAbdillāh (a) say, ‘[It is written] in the book of the Messenger of Allah (ṣ)[1]: When you employ what your right hand possesses[2] for something that is difficult for them, then work with them [and assist them] in it.’ He [also] said, ‘Verily my father would instruct them saying, “Stay as you are [and wait for me],” then he would come and see [the work]. If it was heavy [and difficult], he would say bismillāh and then he would [join them and] work with them, but if it was light, he would leave them [to do it themselves].’”

IsnādFadalah a rapporté de Dawud ibn Farqad, qui a dit : J'ai entendu Abu 'Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) dire :

Dans le livre du Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille), il est écrit : "Si vous utilisez ce sur quoi vous avez autorité dans une affaire qui leur est difficile, alors travaillez avec eux. S'il refuse et ordonne, alors agissez comme vous êtes, puis attendez et voyez. S'il est difficile, dites : 'Au nom d'Allah', puis travaillez avec eux. S'il est facile, retirez-vous d'eux."

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3.Faḍālah narrated from Abān ibn ʿUthmān, from Ziyād ibn Abī Rajāʾ, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (a); and from Abū Sakhl, from Salmān who said, “I was once sitting in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) when a man came to him and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, [what do you say about] the slave?’ So the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) said, ‘He has been tested by you and you have been tested by him, so that Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, may see how grateful you are and how patient he is.’”

IsnādAbān ibn 'Uthmān a rapporté de Ziyād ibn Abī Rajā' qui a rapporté de l'Imam Abu 'Abdillāh (que la paix soit sur lui) et d'Abu Sakhil de Salmān, qui a dit :

Alors que j'étais assis avec le Messager de Dieu (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille), un homme vint le voir et dit : "Ô Messager de Dieu, mon esclave !" Le Messager de Dieu (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) lui répondit : "Il t'a été donné en épreuve, pour que Dieu, Puissant et Majestueux, voie comment tu es reconnaissant et comment tu es patient."

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4.Faḍālah narrated from Abān, from ʿAbdullāh ibn Ṭalḥah, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) who said, “A man from the Banī Fahd [once] passed by the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) as he was beating a slave of his, and the slave was crying out, ‘I seek refuge with Allah!’ yet the man did not desist from [beating] him. When the slave saw the Messenger of Allah (ṣ), he said, ‘I seek refuge with Muḥammad!’ so the man stopped beating him. [Seeing this,] the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) said, ‘He seeks refuge with Allah but you do not leave him, yet when he seeks refuge with Muḥammad you leave him? This is while one who seeks refuge with Allah is more deserving of being pardoned than [one who seeks refuge with] Muḥammad!’ So the man [felt remorse and] said, ‘He is free for the sake of Allah!’ The Messenger of Allah (ṣ) said, ‘By the One who sent me as a Prophet with truth, if you had not done so, your face would have fallen into the heat of the Fire.’”

IsnādFadalah a rapporté de Aban, de Abdullah ibn Talha, de Abi Abdullah (paix soit sur lui)

Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui) a rencontré un homme de la tribu des Banu Fahd en train de frapper son esclave. L'esclave disait : "Je cherche refuge en Allah", mais l'homme ne s'arrêtait pas. Quand l'esclave vit le Messager d'Allah (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui), il dit : "Je cherche refuge en Muhammad", alors l'homme cessa de frapper. Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui) dit : "S'il cherche refuge en Allah, ne le punissez pas, mais s'il cherche refuge en Muhammad, punissez-le. Par Allah, il est plus digne que sa protection vienne de Muhammad." L'homme dit : "Il est libre pour l'amour d'Allah." Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui) dit : "Par Celui qui m'a envoyé en tant que Prophète de vérité, si tu ne l'avais pas fait, ton visage aurait été touché par le feu."

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5.Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī said, “I heard Abā al-Ḥasan (a) say, ‘ʿAlī ibn al- Ḥusayn (a) struck a slave [of his], then he entered his house and came out with a whip. He then took off his shirt and said to him, ‘Whip ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn [for his having struck you]!’ but the servant refused, so he gave him fifty dīnārs.”[1]

IsnādAl-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī a dit : J'ai entendu Abū al-Ḥasan (paix soit sur lui) dire : ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn (paix soit sur eux) a frappé un esclave, puis est entré dans sa maison, a pris un fouet, s'est déshabillé pour lui, puis a dit : "Fouettez ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn". Mais ʿAlī a refusé, alors il lui a donné cinquante dinars.

[Le contenu du hadith]