Interrogatoire dans la tombe, Châtiment dans la tombe et Barzakh

2.Ibrāhīm ibn Abī al-Bilād narrated from one of his companions who attributed it to one of the learned sages who said, “A believer is asked [by two angels] in his grave, ‘Who is your Lord?’ So he replies, ‘Allah.’ Then he is asked, ‘What is your religion?’ So he replies, ‘Islam.’ Then he is asked, ‘Who is your Prophet?’ So he replies, ‘Muḥammad (ṣ).’ Then he is asked, ‘Who is you Imam?’ He replies, ‘ʿAlī (a).’ He is asked, ‘How did you know this?’ So he replies, ‘It is a matter to which Allah guided me and made me steadfast upon it.’ He will thus be told, ‘Sleep a slumber without any dream – the sleep of a bride.’ Then one of the doors of Paradise is opened for him and its breeze and fragrance enters upon him [in his grave]. He will then say, ‘O Lord, hasten for me the establishment of the Hour [of Judgment] so that I may return to my family and wealth!’” Then he said, “A disbeliever [on the other hand] is asked, ‘Who is your Lord?’ So he replies, ‘Allah.’ Then he is asked, ‘Who is your Prophet?’ So he replies, ‘Muḥammad.’ Then he is asked, ‘What is your religion?’ So he says, ‘Islam.’ He is asked, ‘Where did you learn that from?’ So he replies, ‘I heard people saying it so I [too] said it.’ He is then asked, ‘Who is your walī?’ So he answers, ‘I do not know.’ So they both strike him with an iron rod in a manner which all the humans and jinn would not be able to bear even if they came together! He will thus melt the way lead melts. Then, they will return his soul into his body and place his heart between two tablets of fire. [Knowing what awaits him,] he will say, ‘O Lord, delay the Hour of Reckoning.’”[1]

Il est dit au croyant dans sa tombe : "Qui est ton Seigneur ?" Il répond : "Allah." On lui demande : "Quelle est ta religion ?" Il répond : "L'Islam." On lui demande : "Qui est ton prophète ?" Il répond : "Muhammad, que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui et sa famille." On lui demande : "Qui est ton imam ?" Il répond : "Ali, que la paix soit sur lui." On lui demande : "Comment le sais-tu ?" Il répond : "Allah m'a guidé à cela et m'y a fermement établi." Puis il est fait qu'il dorme d'un sommeil où il se repose comme une mariée, puis une porte s'ouvre pour lui vers le Paradis, et il entre par son âme et son parfum. Il dit : "Ô Seigneur, hâte l'Heure pour que je puisse retourner vers ma famille et mes biens." Il est dit au mécréant : "Qui est ton Seigneur ?" Il répond : "Allah." On lui demande : "Qui est ton prophète ?" Il répond : "Muhammad." On lui demande : "Quelle est ta religion ?" Il répond : "L'Islam." On lui demande : "Comment le sais-tu ?" Il répond : "J'ai entendu les gens en parler et j'ai dit la même chose." On lui demande : "Qui est ton protecteur ?" Il répond : "Je ne sais pas." Alors il est frappé avec un marteau dont la force réunie des humains et des djinns ne pourrait supporter, et il fond comme le plomb, puis son âme lui est rendue et son cœur est placé entre deux morceaux de feu. Il dit : "Ô Seigneur, fais venir l'Heure."

3.Al-Qāsim and ʿUthmān ibn ʿĪsā narrated from ʿAlī, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) who said, “When Saʿd died, seventy thousand angels accompanied his funeral procession, and the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) stood at his grave and said, ‘Would the likes of Saʿd face the squeezing [of the grave]?’ His mother said, ‘Congratulations to you O Saʿd, and [what a great] honor!’ So the Messenger of Allah said to her, ‘O mother of Saʿd, do not impose anything upon Allah.’ She said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, we have heard you say what you said about Saʿd [and how you praised him].’ So he said, ‘Verily Saʿd was harsh in his speech with his family.’”

: "Lorsque Sa'd est mort, soixante-dix mille anges ont assisté à ses funérailles. Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) s'est alors levé devant sa tombe et a dit : 'Et qui est digne de Sa'd?' Sa mère a répondu : 'Que tu sois heureux, ô Sa'd, et honoré.' Le Messager d'Allah lui a dit : 'Ô mère de Sa'd, ne cache pas la vérité à Allah.' Elle a dit : 'Ô Messager d'Allah, nous t'avons entendu et ce que tu dis de Sa'd.' Il a alors dit : 'Sa'd avait une dureté dans son langage envers sa famille.'"

4.And Abū Baṣīr said, “I heard Abā ʿAbdillāh (a) say, ‘When Ruqayyah the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) died, the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) stood next to her grave and raised his hand towards the sky as tears flowed from his eyes. So they (the companions) said, “O Messenger of Allah, we have seen you raising your head towards the sky as tears flowed from your eyes?” So he said, “I asked my Lord to gift me [the exception of] the squeezing of the grave for Ruqayyah.”’”

Certes, lorsque Ruqayyah, la fille du Messager d'Allah (psl), est décédée, le Messager d'Allah (psl) s'est levé près de sa tombe, a levé ses mains vers le ciel, ses yeux se sont remplis de larmes, et on lui a dit : "Ô Messager d'Allah, nous t'avons vu lever les yeux vers le ciel et pleurer." Il a répondu : "J'ai demandé à mon Seigneur de me donner Ruqayyah de la demeure de la tombe."

5.Faḍālah narrated from Abān, from Bashīr al-Nabbāl who said, “I heard Abā ʿAbdillāh (a) saying, ‘The Messenger of Allah (ṣ) addressed the grave of Saʿd and wiped his hand over it, and [as he did so] he began to quiver between his shoulders. So it was said to him, “O Messenger of Allah, we saw you addressing [the grave of Saʿd] as you were quivering between your shoulders, and you said, ‘Saʿd is undergoing this.’” So he said, “Verily there is no believer but that he will undergo squeezing [in the grave].”’”

J'ai entendu Abū 'Abdillāh (sur lui le salut) dire: "Le Messager d'Allāh (que la prière d'Allāh et Son salut soient sur lui et sur sa famille) s'est adressé à la tombe de Sa'd, l'a touchée de sa main et a posé sa joue dessus. On lui a dit: 'Ô Messager d'Allāh, nous t'avons vu t'adresser ainsi à sa tombe et poser ta joue dessus en disant: 'Sa'd fait-il cela?' Il a répondu: 'Il n'y a pas de croyant sans qu'il ait un lien affectif avec lui.'"

6.ʿAlī ibn al-Nuʿmān narrated from Ibn Muskān, from Sulaymān ibn Khālid who said, “I asked Abā ʿAbdillāh (a) about what will be faced by one who is [buried] in the grave, so he said, ‘Verily two angels who are called Munkar and Nakīr will come to the one who is in the grave and will ask him about the Messenger of Allah (ṣ) saying, “What do you have to say about this man who rose among you?” He will ask, “Who was he?” They will say, “The one who used to say that he is the Messenger of Allah. Was that true?” So if the man was one of the doubters, he will say, “I do not know. I heard the people saying [that] but I do not know whether it was the truth or a lie.” So they will strike him such a blow that it will be audible to the inhabitants of the heavens and the inhabitants of earth, except the polytheists.[1] But if he was one of those with certitude, he will not fear and will say [confidently], “Are you asking me about the Messenger of Allah?” So they will ask, “Do you know that he is the Messenger of Allah?” He will say, “I bear witness that he is the Messenger of Allah in truth. He came with guidance and the religion of truth.” Thus he will see his position in Paradise and his grave will be expanded for him. They (the two angels) will then say to him, “Sleep a slumber wherein there is no dream, in the best state of any sleeper.”’”

Ce hadith met en lumière le questionnement des anges Munkar et Nakîr envers le défunt au sujet de la foi envers le Messager d'Allah (paix et bénédictions soient sur lui), et comment la réponse du défunt détermine son sort dans l'au-delà, soit en subissant un châtiment soit en bénéficiant de la vision de sa place au Paradis et d'un repos paisible dans sa tombe.

7.Muḥammad ibn Abī ʿUmayr narrated from Jamīl, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) who said, “When Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, wants to resurrect the creation, He makes the sky rain upon the earth for forty days, then the limbs come together and flesh grows [on the bodies].”

Lorsque le Tout-Puissant décide de faire descendre la pluie sur la terre, Il envoie quarante matins, les articulations se rejoignent et la chair pousse.

8.Ibn Abī al-Bilād narrated from his father, from one of his companions who attributed it to the Prophet (ṣ), that he said to one of his companions, “How will you be when the two examiners of the grave come to you?” So he (the companion) asked, “O Messenger of Allah, what are the examiners of the grave?” He said, “Two angels, harsh and severe, with voices like rumbling thunder and eyes like blinding lightning. They will be treading on their own hair and ploughing the ground with their [large] fangs; they will [come to] question you.” He asked, “[Will that be] when I am in a state such as this?” He replied, “[Yes,] you will be as you are in your present state.” He said, “Then I will be able to face them.”’”

Il a dit à certains de ses compagnons : "Comment réagiriez-vous si vous étiez touchés par l'épreuve de la tombe ?" Ils ont répondu : "Ô Messager de Dieu, quelle est l'épreuve de la tombe ?" Il a dit : "Deux anges sévères et rudes, leurs voix sont comme le tonnerre retentissant, et leurs regards sont comme l'éclair perçant. Ils les frappent violemment et creusent la terre avec leurs crocs, puis ils vous interrogent." Il a ajouté : "Et vous, comment seriez-vous dans cette situation ?" Ils ont répondu : "Tu serais dans la même situation que nous." Il a dit : "Alors, aidez-les."

9.Muḥammad ibn Abī ʿUmayr narrated from ʿAlī, from Abū Baṣīr who said, “I asked Abā ʿAbdillāh (a) about the souls of believers so he said, ‘[They will be] in [lofty] chambers in Paradise, eating of its food and drinking of its drink, and they will say, “Our Lord, bring upon us the Hour [of Judgment] and fulfil for us what You promised us, and make the last among us join the first!”’”

J'ai interrogé Abu 'Abdillah عليه السلام au sujet des âmes des croyants. Il a dit : "Ils se trouvent dans des chambres au Paradis, où ils mangent de sa nourriture, boivent de ses boissons et disent : 'Seigneur, fais venir l'Heure pour nous, accomplis pour nous ce que Tu nous as promis et réunis-nous avec les premiers et les derniers de nous'."

10.Ibn Abī ʿUmayr narrated from ʿAlī, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) saying, “I asked him about the souls of the polytheists, so he said, ‘[They will be] in the Fire facing punishment and will say, “Our Lord, do not bring upon us the Hour [of Judgment], and do not fulfil for us what You promised us, and do not join the last of us with the first!”’”

J'ai interrogé Ali sur les âmes des polythéistes, et il a dit : "Ils seront tourmentés dans le Feu et diront : 'Seigneur, ne fais pas venir l'Heure, ne nous accomplis pas ce que Tu nous as promis, et ne fais pas rejoindre les derniers d'entre nous aux premiers.'"

11.Al-Qāsim narrated from al-Ḥusayn ibn Ḥammād, from Yūnus ibn Ẓabyān who said, “I was with Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) and he asked me, ‘What do the people say about the souls of believers?’ I replied, ‘They say that they are in the craws of green birds in lanterns under the Throne.’ So Abū ʿAbdillāh (a) said, ‘Glory be to Allah! The believer is more honourable in the sight of Allah than His placing his soul in the craw of a green bird, O Yūnus! When the time [of a believer’s death] approaches, Muḥammad(ṣ), ʿAlī, Fāṭimah, al-Ḥasan, al-Ḥusayn, and the close archangels (peace be upon them all) come to him. And when Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, takes his soul, He places that soul in a form similar to its form in the world; so they subsist, eating and drinking [in that realm as well]. Then, when someone [who has just died] comes to them, they recognize him by the appearance that he had in the world.’”