Les droits d'un croyant envers un autre croyant.

94. It has been related that 'Isa ibn Abu Mansur said: 'Abd Allah ibn Abu Ya'fur, 'Abd Allah ibn Talha and I were with Abu 'Abd Allah [a.s] when he spoke unprompted: 'O Ibn Abu Ya'fur, the Messenger of Allah [a.s] has said: One who has six qualities shall be (placed) before Allah [M.G] and on His right side.' 'May I be ransomed for you! What are they?” asked Ibn Abu Ya'fur. The Imam [a.s] said, 'The first is that a Muslim should love for his brother-in-faith what he loves for the dearest person in his family; and a Muslim should detest for his brother what he detests for the dearest in his family; and he should be sincere to him.' At this point, Ibn Abu Ya'fur wept and asked, 'How should he be sincere to him?' 'O' Ibn Abu Ya'fur,' the Imam [a.s] responded, 'when the brother-in-faith is in a state of anxiety, he should share his anxiety; and if he is joyful, he should share his joy. If he is grieved, he should share his grief; and if he is able to relieve him of distress, he should do so, otherwise he should pray to Allah for him. Then, Abu 'Abd Allah [a.s] said, 'These three qualities are for you and the remaining three qualities are for us: you should recognize our superiority, you should tread in our footsteps, and you should await for our future rule. So, whoever has had all these qualities shall be before Allah; and by their radiance, those below them will be illumined. As for those who shall be on the right side of Allah, they shall be such that if others happen to see their status, they would find life unbearable because of what they would witness of the former's superiority.' So, Ibn Abu Ya'fur asked, 'Why would they not be seen by others if they were on the right side of Allah?' The Imam [a.s] replied, 'They shall be covered with the light of Allah. Have you not heard the tradition that the Messenger of Allah [a.s] used to say: Indeed, the Believers shall be on the right side and before Allah, and their faces shall be whiter than snow and more radiant than the shining Sun? And people will ask: Who are they? And it will be said: These are those who loved each other for the sake of Allah.'

Le Messager d'Allah (sws) a mentionné six caractéristiques pour ceux qui seront devant Allah et à Sa droite: aimer pour son frère ce qu'on aime pour soi-même, détester pour son frère ce qu'on déteste pour soi-même, et manifester la sincérité envers lui. Il a également expliqué que ceux à la droite d'Allah sont voilés par Sa lumière, et que les croyants se distinguent par leur amour réciproque pour la gloire d'Allah.

95. It has been reported that Abu 'Abd Allah [a.s] said: By Allah (I swear), never has Allah been worshipped with anything better than fulfilling the rights of a believer. A believer has more rights than the Ka'bah. And he said: “A believer is the brother of the other believer; his eyes and his guide. He neither cheats him nor deserts him.4 And of the rights of a Muslim on another Muslim is that he should not eat his fill while his brother is hungry, he should not drink water while his brother is thirsty and should not dress himself while his brother has no clothes. How great the right of a Muslim on his Muslim brother is! The Imam [a.s] also said: “Love for your Muslim brother what you love for yourself. If you are in need, ask him; and when he asks you, give him. Do not tire doing good to him as he does not tire for you. Be a support to him for he is a support to you. When he is away, safeguard his interests in his absence; and when he is present, visit him, show him respect and honor him, for he is from you and you are from him. If he is angry with you, do not leave him until you have removed his resentment. If good befalls him, thank Allah; and if he is afflicted, compensate him, relieve him of it and help him.

En effet, le croyant a un droit supérieur à celui de la Kaaba. Il a également dit: "Le croyant est le frère du croyant; son œil et son guide, donc il ne doit pas le trahir ni l'abandonner. Il est du droit du musulman envers un autre musulman de ne pas se rassasier alors que son frère a faim, de ne pas se désaltérer alors que son frère a soif, de ne pas se vêtir alors que son frère est nu. Quel immense droit a donc le musulman sur son frère musulman! Il a également dit: "Aime pour ton frère musulman ce que tu aimes pour toi-même, et si tu as besoin de quelque chose, demande-lui, et s'il te demande quelque chose, donne-lui. Ne le délaisse pas dans le bien, et il ne te délaissera pas. Sois son soutien, car il sera le tien. Si jamais il s'absente, veille sur lui en son absence, et s'il vient te rendre visite, honore-le et traite-le avec respect, car il est de toi et tu es de lui. S'il te réprimande, ne le quitte pas jusqu'à ce que tu apaises sa colère. S'il lui arrive du bien, remercie Dieu, et s'il est éprouvé, soutiens-le et aide-le."

96. It has been reported that Abu 'Abd Allah [a.s] said: A believer is a brother to another believer and it is his right that he should counsel him, sympathize with him and prevent his enemies from harming him.

Le croyant est le frère du croyant, il lui est dû conseil, réconfort et protection contre son ennemi.

97. It has been reported that Abu 'Abd Allah [a.s] said: Allah has never been worshipped with anything better than fulfilling the right of a believer.

Rien n'est adoré envers Allah de meilleur que d'acquitter le droit du croyant.

98. It has been reported that Abu 'Abd Allah [a.s] said: The Prophet [a.s] said: A Muslim is a brother to the other Muslim; he must not betray him, desert him, disgrace him, excommunicate him nor backbite him.

Le Prophète (que la paix et les bénédictions de Dieu soient sur lui) a dit : "Le musulman est le frère du musulman : il ne le trahit pas, ne le déçoit pas, ne le méprise pas, ne le prive pas de son aide, et ne le calomnie pas."

99. It has been reported that Abu 'Abd Allah [a.s] said: Amongst the rights of a Muslim is that when he sneezes, Allah's Name be invoked (to bless him); if he is in pain, he should be relieved of it; if he is sick, he should be visited; and if he dies, his bier should be accompanied.

Il a dit : "Il est du droit du musulman, lorsqu'il éternue, qu'on lui dise : 'Que Dieu te fasse miséricorde', et s'il loue Dieu, qu'on lui réponde. S'il tombe malade, qu'on lui rende visite, et s'il meurt, qu'on assiste à ses funérailles."

100. It has been reported that Abu Ja'far [a.s] said: A group of Muslims left on a journey and lost their way. They were overcome with severe thirst; they began using the earth for ablution and sought shelter under a tree. An old man dressed in white came to them and said, 'Rise. You have nothing to worry about. Here is water.' So, they rose and drank until their thirst was quenched. They then asked, 'Who are you, may Allah have mercy on you?' He said, 'I am of the Jinn who paid allegiance to the Messenger of Allah [a.s]. I heard him saying, 'A believer is a brother to a believer, his eyes and his guide.' So, it is not right for you to perish in my presence.'

Un groupe de musulmans partit en voyage et se perdit en chemin, souffrant d'une soif intense. Ils pratiquèrent alors le tayammum et se réfugièrent sous les arbres. Un vieil homme vêtu de blanc vint vers eux et leur dit : "Levez-vous, vous ne craignez rien." Il leur indiqua de l'eau, ils burent et se rafraîchirent. Ils lui demandèrent : "Qui es-tu, que Dieu te montre de la miséricorde ?" Il répondit : "Je suis parmi les djinns qui ont prêté allégeance au Messager de Dieu (paix et bénédictions soient sur lui). J'ai entendu dire de lui : 'Le croyant est le frère du croyant, son œil et son guide.' C'est pourquoi vous ne vous êtes pas égarés en ma présence."

101. It has been narrated that Suma'ah said: I asked him concerning people who have excess wealth whilst their brothers-in-faith have a severe need; and the money from the zakat did not suffice them; and it was not proper that they were satiated while their brothers remained hungry. For the times were hard. So, the Imam [a.s] said: A Muslim is the brother of the other Muslim. He does not do injustice to him nor does he desert him or deprive him. It is the duty of Muslims to strive for him (i.e. the poor Muslim), to be sympathetic and to help those in need. They should be merciful to each other as Allah has commanded them just as the community of Ansar during the era of the Messenger of Allah [a.s].

Le Musulman est le frère du Musulman; il ne l'opprime pas, ne le trahit pas, ne l'abandonne pas. Il est obligatoire pour les Musulmans de faire des efforts pour lui, de maintenir des liens de parenté, de compatir et de soutenir ceux dans le besoin. Soyez miséricordieux les uns envers les autres, compatissants et bienveillants envers ce qui leur échappe, comme l'ont été les Ansar à l'époque du Messager d'Allah, que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui et sa famille.

102. It has been narrated that the Imam [a.s] was asked, 'There are some among us who have only one day's food with them while some others have one month's food with them. But some of us have one year's food with them. Now, should those men who have one day's food give their food to those who have none or those who have one month's food to those who have only one day's food and so on?' The Imam [a.s] said, 'There is no obligation; but those who are benevolent are superior. Allah says about His chosen creatures: 'They prefer others to their own selves even if they themselves need it. [Holy Quran 59/9]' If someone does not like to be benevolent, he will be condemned. But the hand which gives is superior to that which takes. Charity should begin with the nearest one.'

103. It has been reported that Abu Ja'far [a.s] asked: Does any of you come to his brother, put his hand in his pocket and takes what he wants; and the other one does not stop him?' I (the narrator) said, 'I do not know of that (happening) amongst us.' So, Abu Ja'far [a.s] said, 'Then (you have achieved) nothing.' 'Then (we are) doomed!' I exclaimed. 'The community (of believers) have not attained maturity in their understanding yet,' he remarked.

L'un de vous viendrait-il vers son frère, mettrait sa main dans son récipient pour prendre ce dont il a besoin, et son frère ne le repousserait pas ? J'ai dit : Je ne connais pas cela parmi nous. Il a dit : Alors, Abū Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : Alors, il n'y a rien. J'ai dit : Mais alors, la destruction ! Il a dit : Certes, les gens n'ont pas encore été donnés à leurs désirs.

104. It has been reported that Amir al-Mu'minin [a.s] said: 'Allah, in His Book, has made forbearance obligatory on the righteous.' Some asked, 'What does forbearance constitute?' 'It is when you request others for those who are less needy than you yourself,' he replied.Concerning the words of Allah [M.G]: 'They prefer others to themselves even if they themselves are needy [Holy Quran 59/9],' he [a.s] said, 'Do not prefer yourself to him (i.e. your brother-in-faith) in what he is in greater need of than you.'

Allah a rendu obligatoire pour les pieux la bienveillance dans le Livre d'Allah. On lui demanda : "Qu'est-ce que la bienveillance ?" Il répondit : "C'est lorsque ton visage préfère son visage, que tu lui demandes pour lui." Il a également dit (que la paix soit sur lui) concernant la parole d'Allah (Exalté et Glorifié) : "Et préfèrent les autres à eux-mêmes, même s'il y a pénurie chez eux." Il a dit : "Ne sois pas avare envers lui de ce dont il a plus besoin que toi."

105. It has been reported that Abu 'Abd Allah [a.s] said: A Muslim is a brother to the other Muslim; he must not do injustice to him, desert him, disgrace him, backbite him, deprive him nor cheat him. He also said: It is the right of a Muslim on his (Muslim) brother that he greets him when they meet, comes to see him when he is ill, guards his interest in his absence, blesses him when he sneezes, answers him when he calls him and attends his funeral when he dies.

Certes, le musulman est le frère du musulman : il ne l'opprime pas, ne le trahit pas, ne le dénigre pas, ne médit pas de lui, ne le prive pas de ses droits, et ne le trahit pas. Il est dit : "Il est du devoir du musulman envers son frère de lui dire 'Salam' s'il le rencontre, de lui rendre visite s'il est malade, de le conseiller s'il est absent, de le saluer s'il éternue, de répondre à son appel, et de l'accompagner à sa dernière demeure s'il décède."

106. It has been related that Abu Ja'far [a.s] said to Abu Isma'il, 'O Abu Isma'il: do your acquaintances who possess an excess dress give it to their friend who does not possess any until he would possess one?' 'No,' I replied. 'What if such a person does not possess a loincloth; will they send him one until he would be able to possess one?' he asked. 'No,' I replied. He then slapped his hand on his thigh and said, 'These are thus not brothers!'