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Chapitre
Questions of Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Ja’far Himyari
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In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. May the Almighty Allah grant you honor and help you and may He continue to send His blessings and increase blessings on you. May He send you the best care and if some harm is going to reach you, may it come to us. People want to compete with each other in seeking proximity and honor, but whoever you accept is acceptable and whoever you reject will be degraded. We seek Allah’s refuge from this. May Allah bless you. May the Almighty Allah support you. Our city also has a group of generous and responsible citizens, who compete with each other for divine proximity. And may the Almighty Allah support him. Some people received his letter in which he ordered that they should help Saad and Ali Ibn Muhammad Ibn Husain Ibn Malik, who is known as Baduka and the Khatan [son-in-law] of Saad; his name was not among those whom he has indicated. Therefore, he is aggrieved due to this and has requested me to mention his displeasure to you. If his name is absent because of some sin of his, he should seek forgiveness of the same and if it is due to some other reason, he should mention it and seek means of solace. Epistle: We correspond only with our regular correspondents. [continuation of the letter] May Almighty Allah bless you, you have made me habituated to your kindness, thus you and jurisprudents before you are more eligible that the Almighty Allah should increase your honor. I have some questions. Please ask him on my behalf. It is narrated to us from Imam Kadhim (a.s) that he was asked: An Imam of the congregation was leading the prayers and during the prayers something happened to him and he died. So what should the people do? Epistle: He will be moved to the rear and a person from the followers will step forward and complete the prayer and the one who has touched the deceased Imam will perform the bath (Ghusl) of touching the dead. Those who moved him to the rear should only wash their hands and if no invalidator has occurred, the same Imam will complete the prayers with the people. Question: Also it is narrated from Imam Musa Kadhim (a.s) that one who touches a corpse when it has yet to cool down, he should wash his hands and if he has touched it after it has cooled, the bath (Ghusl) of touching the dead (Mayyit) becomes obligatory on him and this Imam of congregation will definitely have some warmth remaining and thus he will be touched in that condition only, so only washing of the hands will be required. And most probably he will be lifted along with his clothes so how can bath (Ghusl) of touching the dead become obligatory on him? Epistle: When the dead is touched while warmth remains in it, one just has to wash the hands and that is all. Question: If a person reciting Prayer of Ja’far Tayyar forgets the recitation in standing, sitting, bowing or prostrating; and recalls it later; should he recite it at that point? Or leave it and go ahead? Epistle: When he has forgotten in some of these conditions and he recalled it in the same prayer, he should do it when he remembers. Question: A husband of a woman has died; can she participate in his last rites? Epistle: Yes, she can. Question: Can she visit the grave of the husband during Iddah (waiting period)? Epistle: Yes, but she must spend the nights at her home. Question: Can she go out of her house to fulfill an obligatory duty or she must stay the period of Iddah at home? Epistle: She may fulfill any duty incumbent on her. On the contrary, even if she has a need she can leave the house; but she must spend the nights at her home. Question: It is narrated from Imam Musa Kadhim (a.s) regarding the rewards of reciting the Quran during obligatory prayers that he said: I am surprised at one who does not recite Surah Qadr in his prayer. How can his prayer be accepted and it is mentioned in another report that the prayer of one who does not recite Surah Ikhlas in it cannot be purified. It is mentioned in another report that one who recites Surah Humazah will be rewarded equal to the world. Now the question is: Is it allowed to recite Surah Humazah and leave the other chapters, whereas it is mentioned in traditional reports that his prayer will not be accepted or his prayer will not be purified? Epistle: The reward mentioned in traditional reports for recitation of Surahs is correct, but if one leaves them and recites Surah Ikhlas and Surah Qadr, about which report has come down, he will get the reward of the Surah he has recited and also he will get the reward of the Surah he has left. It is also allowed to leave other Surahs, although his prayer will be correct; only that he should have left it for a preferable deed. Question: When is the farewell to the month of Ramadhan? There is difference of opinion among our associates. Some say that the supplication of the farewell to the month of Ramadhan should be recited on its last night. Some say it should be recited after sighting the moon of Shawwal. Epistle: The Aamaal of Ramadhan are performed in its nights, therefore the supplication of farewell to the month of Ramadhan will be on its last night, although if one fears that there would be deficiency, one should recite on last two nights. Question: “Most surely it is the Word of an honored messenger…” (81:19) It implies the Messenger of Allah (s). “The processor of strength, having an honorable place with the Lord of the Dominion. One (to be) obeyed, and faithful in trust.” (81:20-21) And what the power is and what that being is and where it is? May Allah, the Mighty and Sublime exalt your honor, please ask these questions to a trustworthy jurisprudent and inform me and also write in detail about Muhammad bin Husain bin Malik so that he may be satisfied and pray for the well being of the world and the hereafter from me and the brothers. Epistle: May the Almighty Allah gather the good of the world and the hereafter for you and your brothers. May Allah maintain your honor, help you and be kind to you and may He complete His favor on you and if some harm is to reach you, may it come to me instead. And praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds and may Allah bless Muhammad and his progeny, all of them.
H 346 - In another book, a letter is mentioned containing the following questions, which were written to a special envoy of Imam Mahdi (a.s): Question: May the Almighty Allah continue your respect and honor; ask the Faqih (Imam Qaim) following questions and inform me: When a worshipper gets up after reciting the first Tashahud to recite the third Rakat, is it obligatory for him to recite the Takbir? Because some of our scholars say that it is not obligatory, on the contrary he is allowed to say Bihawlillaahi Quwwatihi aqoomo wa aqud. Reply: There are two traditions in this connection: the first is that when the worshipper lifts his head from Sajdah he recites the Takbir, then he sits and then he stands up; thus he does not need to recite the Takbir for standing up after sitting. The same is with the case of the first Tashahud. One can choose any of the options. Question: Also please inquire if one can pray wearing a ring of Hadid? Reply: It is detestable (Makruh). Question: A person bought a sacrificial animal on behalf of a person who was not present as the latter had told him to sacrifice in Mina on his behalf; but when he wanted to slaughter the animal, he forgot the name of that person and he remembered it only after the sacrifice; is it a proper procedure for the person who delegated the ritual? Reply: There is no problem; the sacrifice was complete. Question: There are some Majusi weavers among us who eat carrion and don’t perform bath (Ghusl) of Janabat; can we pray in the clothes weaved by them without purifying them? Reply: There is no problem in it. Question: A person is reciting Midnight Prayers in dark; when he goes into Sajdah, his forehead falls on something other than the place of prostration; that is the floor etc. Now when he raises his head, he finds the Turbah; does he have to count that Sajdah? Reply: Till he does not sit upright, he can raise his head to search for the Turbah. Question: A person who is wearing Ihram removes the covering of the canopy, but leaves the frame. Is it allowed? Reply: There is no problem if he leaves the frame. One of the things a person in Ihram has to avoid is shade. Thus, if he rides a camel with a canopy or a bus with roof, he has to pay the Penalty (Kaffarah) of sacrificing a sheep, but if the covering of the canopy or the bus is removed, leaving the frame and walls, there is no problem in it. Question: If a person wearing Ihram shades himself with a sack or with something else to protect himself or his seat from getting soaked in rain, is it allowed for him to do so? Reply: If he does this on the way with canopy, the Kaffarah is obligatory on him. The penalty of a goat is due to the fact that the person has shaded himself from rain and to shade oneself is an omission for a person in Ihram. Question: Is it necessary for a person doing Hajj as proxy, to mention the name of the one whose Hajj he is doing at the time of Ihram? Is it obligatory that he must make separate sacrifice for himself as well as whose Hajj he is performing? Reply: It is not necessary to recite it in detail and one sacrifice is sufficient on behalf of the one whose Hajj he is performing. Question: Is it permitted for man to tie up the Ihram with a sheet of fur? Reply: There is no problem; righteous and decent people have dressed (been Muhrim) in it. Question: Is it permitted for man to keep with himself an iron knife or an iron key while praying? Reply: It is allowed. Question: A man goes for Hajj with a group of Sunnis and they do not put on the Ihram at Maslakh. Whether this man is allowed to delay his Ihram till Zaat-e-Arq so that he becomes Muhrim with them at that place? Reply: It is necessary to become Muhrim from the Miqaat and say the Thalbiya softly and when he reaches the Miqaat with them, he should make it obvious. Question: How is wearing leather slippers, because people say that it is Makruh to wear them? Reply: It is permissible and there is no problem. Question: A man is a treasurer in endowments and he is careless. He considers as permissible for himself the endowments, which are under his control, and he does not abstain from them. Often when I enter his office and he is present or I enter his house and he is present, he invites me to eat and if I don’t eat at his place, he would become inimical to me and say: such and such has not considered my food lawful. Now please tell me if it is allowed for me to eat with him and then later pay Sadaqah for it. And how much Sadaqah should I pay? Or whether it is allowed for me to accept a gift from him? Reply: If this man is having other property in addition to the endowments he holds and has other occupations as well, you may eat with him and accept his gifts. If it is not so, you must neither eat at his place nor accept any gift from him. Question: A man is a Shia and considers Mutah and temporary marriage permissible and also believes in the Rajat (return) and all his family members are united. This man has made a vow that he would neither take a second wife nor do Mutah. And he has spent 19 years with this vow. Now if he breaks his vow, does he become liable for a penalty or sin? Reply: It is Mustahab (recommended) for him to do Mutah at least once for obedience of Allah, so that the sin of the vow is removed from him. [This letter is followed by the discourse of Husain bin Rauh as follows:] Thus if you consider it proper, may Almighty Allah strengthen your honor, ask these questions from Imam (a.s) and leave their explanation for me and write to me the command in each issue and leave your favor on me. May the Almighty Allah deem you as the channel of all good and may He issue it through you. If you do this, you would have performed a preferred and a rewardable act. May Almighty Allah give you a long life, may He preserve your respect and good fortune and complete His bounties on you and may He increase His favors on you. May He deem me your ransom in every calamity and may He fix my death before you. All praise is from the Lord of the worlds and exceeding benedictions be on His Messenger, Prophet Muhammad (s) and his family.
Ibn Nuh said: I have prepared this copy from two ancient scrolls, which contained letters and epistles.