Soixante-treize décrets concernant les femmes différant de ceux pour les hommes

24-12 Ahmad ibn al-Hassan al-Qat’tan narrated that Al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Askari quoted Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Basry, on the authority of Ja’far ibn Muhammad ibn Ammara, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Jabir ibn Yazid al-Jo’afy that he had heard Aba Ja’far Muhammad ibn Ali al-Baqir (MGB) say, “Women are not required to say the general and the specific calls to prayer. They are not required to attend the Friday or the congregational prayers. Women are not required to visit the ill, nor are they required to attend funeral processions. Women are not required to say the Takbirs aloud nor are they required to run between the Saffa and the Marva hills in Mecca. Women are not required to kiss the Black Stone nor are they required to enter the Ka’ba. Women are not required to shave their heads. Rather, they may shorten their hair. Women should not be in charge of the position of the judge nor should they be in charge of leadership or counselor. Women should not slaughter unless at times of necessity. Women should start to make ablutions by washing from the interior part of the hand while men should wash the exterior part. Women are not required to wash their feet and head as men do when making ablutions. Rather, they should uncover their head for washing their hair as part of the ablutions for prayer for the morning and evening prayers, and only put their hands under their veils to wet their hair for making ablutions for other prayers. When women stand up to say their prayers they should put the two feet together and stick their upper arms to their breast. They should stick their two hands to their thighs whenbowing down. When they want to go to the position of prostration, they should sit down first and then they should stick to the ground when they prostrate. When they lift their head up from prostration, they should first sit down and then attempt to stand up. When they sit down to say the Tashahhud, they should stick their thighs together. Women should count the glorifications which they say using their fingers since they are responsible. When women want to ask the Honorable the Exalted God for something, they can go to the roof of their house, say two units of prayers, and raise their head up towards the sky. Once they do that the Honorable the Exalted God would not turn them down and fulfill their needs. Women are not required to perform the Friday ritual ablutions (wuzu) while they are on a journey. However, they should not abandon it when they are in their homeland. Women cannot be relied upon as witnesses in any issues punishable by religious law . Women cannot be relied upon as witnesses in issues regarding divorce or seeing the new moon. However, they could be relied upon as witnesses in other affairs in which men are not allowed to investigate by looking (such as the issue of menstruation or virginity). Women should not walk in the middle of the walkways. Rather they should walk on the sides. Women are not allowed to settle in the upper chambers over-looking the roads. It is not necessary for women to learn how to write. It is good for them to learn wheel-spinning and the Chapter Nur. It is not advisable for them to learn the Chapter Yusuf. If a woman commits apostasy and renunciates her religious faith, then she should be asked to repent. It would be fine if she repents. However, if she doesn’t accept to repent, then she should be held in custody. She should not be killed as men of a similar status should be. She should be forced to work hard in prison and given minimal nourishment of food and water. She should be given rough clothes to wear and beaten up until she prays and fasts. Women are not required to pay the Jizya (the poll-tax ). Other women should be asked to leave the room when the time for giving birth to a child arrives for a woman, so that they do not unnecessarily look at her private parts. It is not proper for women who are menstruating or impure due to sex be present when a dead person is being dictated to (Talqin) since the angels would be disturbed. It is also not proper for such women to place the dead in the grave. A man should not sit at the place where a woman has been sitting before some time passes by, and that place is no longer warm due to her sitting there.The holy war for a woman is to take good care of her husband. A woman’s husband has the most rights incumbent upon her than anyone else. A woman’s husband is the best person to say prayers upon her (his wife) deadbody. It is not allowed for a Muslim woman to become naked in front of a Jewish or Christian woman, because they may describe her looks for their husbands. A woman is not allowed to put on perfume when she leaves home. It is not allowed for a woman to make herself look like men, since God’s Prophet (MGB) has cursed men who make themselves up to look like women and women who make themselves up to look like men. A woman should not remain without an adornment even if it be just a string which she wears on her neck. A woman should not leave her fingers plain white and should at least dye them with henna . However, a woman should not dye her hands while she is menstruating since there is the fear that Satan may bother her. When a woman has a need during her prayers she should clap her hands together. However, when a man needs something during his prayers he can point at it with his head and hand and say God’s glorifications. A woman is not allowed to pray without a veil except for a female slave who can say her prayers without a veil. Women are allowed to put on fine silk and heavy brocade clothes when they are not praying or not in a state of ritual consecration wearing the Ihram. However, men are forbidden to do so unless they are attending a holy war. Women are allowed to wear gold rings and pray with them on. However, men are forbidden to do so (unless they are attending a holy war).The Prophet (MGB) said, ‘O Ali! Do not wear gold since that is what will be your adornment in Paradise. Do not wear silk clothes since that will be your clothes in Paradise.’ A woman is not allowed to give charity of free her own slaves unless with her husband’s permission. A woman is not allowed to fast the recommendable fasts unless with her husband’s permission. A woman is not allowed to shake hands with unfamiliar men unless her hands are covered up. A woman is not allowed to make pledge of allegiance with her hands unless her hands are covered up. A woman is not allowed to go to recommendable Hajj without her husband’s permission. A woman should not go to a bath house since this if forbidden for her. A woman should not ride on a saddle unless it is absolutely necessary or on a trip. A woman’s inheritance will be half of that of a man. The blood money for a woman will be half of that of a man. In retribution for injury to, or loss of, bodily organs men and women shall be treated equally unless the blood money for the lost organ is a third or more than a third of the full blood money, in which case a woman’s blood money shall be half of a man’s.When a woman stands to pray alone with a man she should stand up behind him not by his side.When a woman dies they should pray for her while standing at her chest whereas when a man dies they should pray for him while standing at his head. When they place a woman in the grave her husband should stand in a place from which he can take her thighs and bury her. There will be no intercession on behalf of a woman with her Lord unless her husband is pleased with her.When Fatimah (MGB) passed away, the Commander of the Faithful (MGB) stood up next to her and said, ‘O God! I am pleased with her - the daughter of your Prophet. O God! Indeed I am Fearful. So please calm her down. O God! She departed us to join him (MGB). O God! She was oppressed. You be the Judge as you are the best of all the judges!’

"Les femmes n'ont pas à faire l'appel à la prière, ni diriger la prière, ni diriger la prière du vendredi, ni diriger la prière en congrégation, ni visiter les malades, ni suivre les funérailles, ni réciter à haute voix le takbīr, ni courir entre Safā et Marwa, ni toucher la Pierre Noire, ni entrer dans la Ka'ba, ni se raser les cheveux, mais elles doivent les raccourcir, et elles ne doivent pas être juges, ni dirigeantes, ni consultées, ni sacrifier sauf par nécessité. Elles commencent l'ablution par l'intérieur du bras et de la jambe par l'extérieur, elles ne doivent pas essuyer comme les hommes essuient mais doivent lever le voile de l'endroit où elles ont essuyé leur tête lors de la prière du matin et du coucher du soleil, elles essuient dessus et dans toutes les prières, elles placent leur doigt et essuient leur tête sans lever leur voile. Lorsqu'elles se lèvent pour prier, elles rapprochent leurs jambes et placent leurs mains sur leur poitrine, et lorsqu'elles s'assoient pour le tashahhud, elles lèvent leurs jambes et les rapprochent, et lorsqu'elles glorifient, elles serrent leurs doigts car elles seront interrogées. Si elles ont un besoin envers Allah, elles montent sur le toit de leur maison et prient deux rak'ahs, découvrant leur tête vers le ciel. Si elles font cela, Allah répondra à leur invocation sans les décevoir. Elles n'ont pas à se laver le jour de vendredi en voyage, ni à le négliger en résidence, ni à témoigner dans les affaires légales, ni à témoigner dans le divorce, ni à témoigner pour l'observation de la lune. Elles peuvent témoigner dans ce qui n'est pas permis à un homme de regarder. Les femmes n'ont pas de parts des biens de la route, elles doivent rester sur les côtés, elles ne doivent pas descendre dans les chambres, elles ne doivent pas apprendre à écrire, il est recommandé pour elles d'apprendre à filer et la sourate An-Nūr, il est déconseillé pour elles d'apprendre la sourate Yūsuf. Si une femme se détourne de l'islam, elle doit se repentir, sinon elle sera emprisonnée. Elle ne doit pas être tuée comme un homme apostat, mais elle doit être soumise à un dur service, être privée de nourriture et de boisson sauf ce qu'elle retient pour elle-même. Elle ne doit pas nourrir sauf des aliments grossiers, ne doit pas s'habiller sauf de vêtements épais et rugueux. Elle doit s'appliquer à la prière et au jeûne. Aucune taxe n'est due sur les femmes. Lorsqu'une femme accouche, les femmes doivent quitter la maison pour éviter que le premier regard sur ses parties intimes ne soit d'un étranger. Il n'est pas permis à une femme menstruée ou en état d'impureté majeure d'assister à l'ensevelissement, car les anges sont offensés par leur présence. Ils ne doivent pas introduire le défunt dans la tombe. Lorsqu'une femme se lève de son siège, il n'est pas permis à un homme de s'y asseoir avant qu'il ne refroidisse. Le devoir d'une femme envers son mari est de bien se comporter, et le plus grand droit qu