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Chapitre
Another Chapter on Inheritance of People of other Religions
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1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and a number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad all from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Hisham ibn Salim from Malik ibn ’A‘yan, who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a Christian man who has died. The son of his brother is a Muslim and a son of his sister is a Muslim. The Christian man has children and a Christian wife. He (the Imam) said, ’Two-thirds of his legacy must be given to the son of his brother. One-third must be given to the son of his sister if he does not have any children who are small. However, if he has small children, then the heirs must pay for the maintenance of the small children from the legacy their father has left behind until they become mature.’ It then was asked from him (the Imam), ‘How must the two spend?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The one who has received two- thirds must pay two-thirds of the maintenance and the one who has received one-third must pay one- third of maintenance until they become mature at which time they can discontinue payment for them.’ It then was asked, ‘What happens if the children become Muslims when they are small?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Whatever their father has left behind must be given to the Imam until they become mature. If they remain Muslims the Imam gives their legacy to them. However, if they did not remain Muslims when they become mature, the Imam gives the legacy to the son of his brother and the son of his sister who are Muslims. Two-thirds of what is left is given to the son of his brother and one-third of what is left to the son of his sister.’”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Muhammad ibn Yahya, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, et d'un groupe de nos compagnons, de Sahl ibn Ziyad, tous de Al-Hassan ibn Mahboub, de Hisham ibn Salim, de Malik ibn A'yan, d'Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)
J'ai demandé à Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet d'un chrétien décédé laissant derrière lui un neveu musulman, une nièce musulmane, des enfants chrétiens et une épouse chrétienne. Il a dit : "Je pense que le neveu musulman devrait recevoir les deux tiers de l'héritage et la nièce devrait recevoir un tiers de l'héritage s'il n'y a pas de petits enfants. Mais s'il y a des petits enfants, il incombe aux héritiers de dépenser pour les petits enfants sur ce qu'ils ont hérité de leur père jusqu'à ce qu'ils soient capables. On lui a demandé comment ils devraient dépenser. Il a dit : L'héritier des deux tiers doit payer deux tiers des dépenses et l'héritier du tiers doit payer un tiers des dépenses. S'ils atteignent l'âge adulte, les dépenses leur seront coupées. On lui a demandé : Que se passe-t-il si les enfants se convertissent à l'islam alors qu'ils sont encore jeunes ? Il a dit : Ce que leur père a laissé doit être remis à l'imam jusqu'à ce qu'ils soient capables. S'ils restent musulmans, l'imam leur remettra leur héritage, sinon, s'ils se détournent de l'islam, l'imam remettra leur héritage au neveu musulman et à la nièce musulmane. L'héritier du neveu devra recevoir les deux tiers de l'héritage et l'héritier de la nièce devra recevoir un tiers de l'héritage.
2. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from ibn Ri’ab from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a Muslim man who has died and his mother is a Christian. He has a wife and Muslim children. He (the Imam) said, ‘If his mother becomes a Muslim before the legacy is distributed, she receives one-sixth.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if he does not have a wife and children or an heir with ordained shares in the book and his mother is a Christian and has other Christian relatives of those who have ordained shares in the book had they been Muslims. Who receives his legacy?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If his mother becomes a Muslim, all of his legacy belongs to her; but if she did not become a Muslim instead certain others from his relatives become Muslims of those who have ordained shares according to the book, his legacy belongs to him. If no one from his relatives becomes a Muslim then his legacy belongs to the Imam.’”
IsnādIbn Mahbub - Ibn Ri'ab - Abi Basir - Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)
J'ai interrogé Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet d'un homme musulman décédé laissant une mère chrétienne, une épouse musulmane et des enfants musulmans. Il a répondu : "Si sa mère se convertit à l'islam avant le partage de l'héritage, elle recevra le sixième. Et s'il n'a ni épouse, ni enfant, ni héritier, alors sa part reviendra aux musulmans, même si sa mère est chrétienne et qu'il a des proches chrétiens qui ont une part dans l'héritage. Si sa mère se convertit à l'islam, alors tout son héritage lui revient. Et si sa mère ne se convertit pas mais qu'un de ses proches convertis a une part dans l'héritage, alors cet héritage lui revient. Et s'il n'y a aucun proche converti, alors son héritage revient à l'Imam."
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muskan who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one becomes a Muslim before the legacy is distributed, he receives his share but if one becomes a Muslim after the legacy is distributed then there is nothing for him.’”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim a rapporté de son père, de Ibn Abi 'Umayr, de Abdullah ibn Muskan, de Abi Abdullah (sur lui la paix)
a dit : "Celui qui se convertit à un héritage avant qu'il ne soit partagé, il aura son héritage, mais s'il se convertit après qu'il ait été partagé, il n'aura pas d'héritage."
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Aban al-Ahmar from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “One of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘If one becomes a Muslim before the legacy is distributed the legacy belongs to him. If one becomes a Muslim after the legacy is distributed there is no legacy for him. If one is set free before the legacy is distributed it belongs to him but if one is set free after the legacy is distributed then there is no legacy for him.’ About the case of a woman he (the Imam) said, ‘If she becomes a Muslim before the legacy is distributed she receives her share of the legacy.’”
Isnād`Alī (as) rapporte de son père, de Ibn Abī 'Umayr, de Abān al-Ahmar, de Muḥammad ibn Muslim, de l'un d'entre eux (que la paix soit sur eux)
Celui qui se convertit à l'islam pour hériter avant que l'héritage ne soit partagé, il aura sa part d'héritage. Mais celui qui se convertit après le partage, n'aura aucune part d'héritage. Et celui qui affranchit un esclave pour hériter avant le partage des héritages, il aura sa part d'héritage. Mais celui qui affranchit après le partage, n'aura aucune part d'héritage. Et il a été dit à propos de la femme : si elle se convertit avant le partage de l'héritage, elle aura sa part d'héritage.