Désaveu (Al-Mubarat) ou Divorce pour Paiement — Al-Kāfi - Volume 6

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1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid all from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about al-Mubarat and about how it takes place. He (the Imam) said, ’It happens when a man owes something to his wife like mahr (dower) or so, of which a certain amount is paid to her, then they dislike each other. The woman says to her husband, ‘Whatever I have received from you is for me and whatever remains on you will be for you and I want to be free (from the bond of marriage).’ The man then says to her, ‘If you will demand from me whatever you have waved, I will be more rightful to have you as my wife.’” (In al-KhuV dislike is from the woman only but in al-Mubarat the dislike is from both wife and husband).

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2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Jamil from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that in al-Mubarat (disavowing) he can receive an amount which is less than mahr (dower) but in al-Khul ‘ he can receive whatever he wants or on what both parties agree, like the amount of mahr (dower) or more. In al-Mubarat (disavowing) she pays less than mahr (dower) and in al-Khul ‘ he can receive whatever he likes, it is because of her transgressing in her statements of what is not lawful for her to say.’”

IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Ibn Abi 'Umayr, de Jamil, de Zurara, de Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)

Les biens donnés en cadeau peuvent être pris sans le paiement de la dot, et ce qui est donné en compensation peut être pris selon ce qui a été convenu comme compensation, que ce soit une petite somme ou plus. Les biens donnés en cadeau peuvent être pris sans la dot, tandis que ce qui est donné en compensation peut être pris selon ce qui a été convenu, car la femme qui reçoit une compensation peut être excessive dans ses paroles et dire ce qui ne lui est pas permis.

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3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that if a woman demands for divorce in the manner of al- Mubarat (disavowing) it is a divorce only once, because of which he becomes one of those who can propose marriage with her.’”

IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya a rapporté d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, de Muhammad ibn Isma'il, de Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl, d'Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, qui a dit: Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit:

Si une femme annule le mariage de son mari, elle est considérée comme une seule (personne) et lui est parmi les khuttab (ceux qui demandent en mariage).

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4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad, from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a woman who says to her husband, ‘So and so amount is for you to set me free (from the bonds of marriage). He (the Imam) said, ‘This is al-Mubarat (disavowing).”’

IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Hammad, de Hariz, de Muhammad ibn Muslim, a dit : J'ai interrogé Abu Abdullah (sur lui soit la paix) à propos d'une femme qui a dit à son mari : "Tu es ceci et cela, laisse-moi tranquille." Il a répondu : "Ceci est une forme de compétition."

Ceci est une forme de compétition.

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5. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from and abu al-‘Abbas from Muhammad ibn Ja‘far from Ayyub ibn Nuh and Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah all from Sufyan from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that al-Mubarat (disavowing) takes place when a woman says to her husband, ‘Whatever you owe to me is for you and set me free (from the bond of marriage).’ Or she pays extra from her side so he sets her free, except that he can say that if she goes back in anything, then he will be more rightful to have her as his wife. It is not lawful for her husband to take more than what is equal to her mahr (dower) or less.’”

IsnādAbu Ali Al-Ash'ari a rapporté de Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar, de Muhammad ibn Isma'il, de Al-Fadl ibn Shadhan, d'Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ja'far, d'Ayyub ibn Nuh, et Humayd ibn Ziyad, d'Ibn Sama'ah, tous de Sufyan, de Ibn Muskan, d'Abi Basir, de Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui).

La compétition, la femme dit à son mari : "Tu n'as rien à me reprocher, laisse-moi tranquille, ou fais quelque chose pour lui de ta part". Il la laisse alors, sauf qu'il dit : "Si tu reviens sur quelque chose, je suis plus en droit de te reprendre. Il n'est pas permis à son mari de prendre d'elle autre chose que la dot, et ce qui est en dessous de cela."

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6. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from Muhammad ibn Ziyad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that in al-Mubarat (disavowing) a woman says to her husband, ’You can have whatever you owe to me and free me (from the bonds of marriage). He then sets her free (from the bonds of marriage).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ’Will he then say to her, "If you demand anything back then I will have more right than anyone else to have you as my wife”?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can say so.’”

IsnādHumayd ibn Ziyad, de la part d'Ibn Sama'ah, de la part de Muhammad ibn Ziyad, de la part d'Abdullah ibn Sinan, de la part d'Abu 'Abdillah (sur lui la paix) a dit:

"La femme qui demande le divorce dit à son mari : 'Ce que tu possèdes t'appartient, libère-moi.' S'il la libère, elle dit : 'Si tu reviens sur quelque chose, je suis en droit de prendre ta dot.' Il répond : 'Oui.'

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7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a woman who arranges al-Mubarat (disavowing) or al-Khul ‘ in the presence of two witnesses, in a Hayd (menses)-free period and without sexual intercourse; if she becomes stranger to him. He (the Imam) said, ’Yes, if it happens as you said has happened.’ I then said, ‘It is narrated to us that it does not make them to become stranger until it is followed by divorce.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It then is not al-KhuV.’ I then asked, ‘Does it make her to become stranger to him?’ He said, ‘Yes, that is what it does.’”

IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya a rapporté d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, de Muhammad ibn Isma'il, qui a dit: J'ai interrogé Aba al-Hasan al-Rida (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet d'une femme qui absout son mari ou se sépare de lui avec deux témoins attestant de sa pureté sans rapport sexuel. Est-ce suffisant pour qu'elle se sépare de lui? Il a répondu: Si cela se passe comme tu l'as mentionné, alors oui. J'ai dit: Il nous a été rapporté qu'elle ne peut se séparer de lui que si le divorce suit. Il a dit: Alors ce n'est pas une séparation. J'ai demandé: Est-ce suffisant pour qu'elle se sépare de lui? Il a répondu: Oui.

Le Prophète (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit: "Quand une femme absout son mari ou se sépare de lui avec deux témoins attestant de sa pureté sans rapport sexuel, cela est suffisant pour qu'elle se sépare de lui."

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8. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan and Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al- Jabbar all from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajj aj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, if al-Mubarat (disavowing) or al-Khul‘ can take place without Hayd (menses)-free period. He (the Imam) said, ‘It cannot take place without Hayd (menses)- free period.’”

IsnādMuhammad ibn Isma'il, Al-Fadl ibn Shadhan, Abu Ali Al-Ash'ari, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar, tous de Safwan, de Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj, a dit: J'ai demandé à Abu Abdullah (sur lui soit la paix): "Est-il permis de divorcer ou de se séparer sans purification?" Il a répondu: "Il n'est permis que dans un état de purification."

Il n'est permis que dans un état de purification.

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9. Safwan has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muskan from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and Safwan from ‘Anbasah ibn Mus’ab from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that no divorce, choice or al-Mubarat (disavowing) can take place without Hayd (menses)-free period, free from sexual intercourse and without the presence of witnesses.’”

IsnādSafwan rapporte d'Abdullah ibn Muskan, de Muhammad ibn Muslim, d'Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui), et Safwan rapporte d'Anbasa ibn Mus'ab, de Sama'a, d'Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)

Il a été rapporté que Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Il n'y a ni divorce, ni choix, ni compétition, sauf dans un état de pureté sans rapport sexuel, avec des témoins."

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10. Muhammad ibn Yahya Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Divorce, al-Khul‘ , al-Mubarat (disavowing) and choice are only valid during a Hayd (menses)-free period in which sexual intercourse has not happened.’”

IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, d'Ali ibn al-Hakam, d'Al-Ala, de Muhammad ibn Muslim, d'Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)

Il a dit: "Il n'y a ni répudiation, ni révocation, ni confrontation, ni choix, sauf dans un état de pureté sans rapport sexuel."