Noms et Titres

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from Muhammad ibn Ali from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from Musa ibn Bakr who has said the following: “The first good thing that a father can do to his children is to give them good names. You must find a good name for (each of) your children.’”

"Le premier acte par lequel un homme honore son enfant est de lui donner un beau nom. Que l'un de vous embellisse le nom de son enfant."

4. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from certain persons of our people from those whom he has mentioned who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘We name every child born to us Muhammad and after seven days if we like we change or keep the same name.’”

Il a dit : "Aucun enfant ne naît parmi nous sans que nous ne l'appelions Muhammad. Et si sept jours passent pour nous, alors si nous voulons, nous le changeons, et si nous voulons, nous le laissons."

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-FIakam from ibn Mayyah from Fulan ibn Flamid ibn Flamid who has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, for advice about the name of my child and he (the Imam) said, ‘Name him with the names that express slavery (to Allah).’ He then asked, ‘Which ones are they?’ He (the Imam) said, “Abd al-Rahman.’”

Il a demandé à Aba Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) conseil pour le prénom de son enfant. Il lui a dit de le nommer avec des noms de servitude. Il a demandé quels noms précisément, et il a répondu : Abdur-Rahman.

6. Al-FIusayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from Sulayman ibn Sama‘ah from his uncle ‘Asem al-Kuziy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If four sons are born to someone and he does not name even one of them with my name he has done injustice to me.’”

Le Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) a dit : "Celui à qui naissent quatre enfants et aucun d'eux n'est nommé d'après mon nom, alors il m'a ignoré."

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad formal-Barqiy from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-‘Arzamiy who has said the following: “Mu‘awiyah appointed Marwan ibn al-Hakam as his agent in al-Madinah and ordered him to pay a certain salary to the young people of Quraysh which he did. Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘I went to him and he asked, ‘What is your name?’ I replied, ‘It is Ali ibn al-Husayn.’ He then asked, ‘What is the name of your brother?’ I replied, ‘It is Ali.’ He said, ‘Ali and Ali. Is it that your father does not want to leave any of his children without naming them all Ali?’ He paid me a certain amount. I returned to my father and informed him of what had happened. He (the Imam) said, ‘Woe is upon the son of al-Zarqa’, the leather- treating man. Even if one hundred sons will be born to me I will not give anyone of them any other name except Ali.’”

Mu'awiya a nommé Marwan ibn Al-Hakam gouverneur de Médine et lui a ordonné d'imposer une taxe aux jeunes de Quraysh. Alors Ali ibn Al-Hussein (que la paix soit sur lui) est venu le voir et Marwan lui a demandé son nom. Ali a répondu : "Ali ibn Al-Hussein". Marwan a demandé : "Et le nom de ton frère ?" Ali a répondu : "Ali". Marwan a dit : "Ali et Ali, ton père veut que chacun de ses enfants soit nommé Ali." Ensuite, il m'a imposé une taxe. Je suis retourné voir mon père et je l'ai informé. Il a dit : "Malheur à Ibn Az-Zarqa', le teinturier de rouge, si j'avais cent fils, j'aimerais ne nommer aucun d'eux autre qu'Ali."

8. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Bakr ibn Salih from Sulayman al-Ja‘fariy who has said the following: “I once heard abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘Poverty does not enter a house wherein a person’s name is Muhammad or Ahmad or Ali or al-Hassan or al-Husayn or Ja‘far or Talib or ‘Abd Allah or Fatimah of the women.’”

La pauvreté ne pénètre pas dans une maison où se trouvent les noms de Muhammad, Ahmad, Ali, Hasan, Husayn, Ja'far, Talib, Abdallah, ou Fatima parmi les femmes.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Ash‘ariy from ibn al-Qaddah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that once a man came to the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, a son is born to me. What must I name him?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Name him with the name which is most beloved to me; Hamzah.’”

Un homme est venu voir le Prophète (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) et lui a dit: "Ô Messager d'Allah, un garçon m'est né, comment devrais-je le nommer?" Il lui répondit: "Appelle-le du nom qui m'est le plus cher, Hamza."

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Husayn ibn Zayd ibn Ali ibn al-Husayn from his father who has said the following: “This is a narration of abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, from the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. He (the Messenger of Allah) has said, ‘You should give yourselves good names; on the Day of Judgment you will be called with your names: O so and so son of so and so, stand up to your light and stand up, O so and so son of so and so, you have no light.’”

"Embellez vos noms, car on vous appellera par eux le Jour de la Résurrection. Lève-toi, ô fils de tel, vers ta lumière, et lève-toi, ô fils de tel, sans lumière pour toi."

11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Salih al-Sindiy from Ja‘far ibn Bashir from Sa‘id ibn Khuthaym from Mu’ammar ibn Khuthaym who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once asked me, ‘What is your Kunyah (father of so and so or son of so and so)?’ I replied, ‘I have no Kunyah yet; I have no son or wife or daughter.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What keeps you from having one?’ I replied, ‘It is a Hadith which is narrated from Ali, ‘Alayhi al- Salam. ’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is it?’ I replied, ‘Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, “If one adopts a Kunyah and he does not have a wife he then is father of al-Ja‘r (dried up dung).”’ Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said that it is forged and it is not of Hadith of Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. We give Kunyah to our children in their childhood for fear of bad names being ascribed to them.’”

Celui qui ne se marie pas et n'a pas de famille est Abu Jar.

12. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Muslim from al-Husayn ibn Nasr from his father from ‘Amr ibn Shamir from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once wanted to visit one of his followers because he was ill. He (the Imam) told me to follow him and I followed him (the Imam). When he (the Imam) arrived at his door his small son came out and abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, asked, ‘What is your name?’ He replied, ‘It is Muhammad.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is your Kunyah ?’ He replied, ‘It is Ali.’ Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said, ‘You have fortified yourself against Satan very intensely. When Satan hears someone calling O Muhammad, O Ali, Satan melts like lead until he hears someone calling with the names of our enemies; he becomes excited and swaggers.’”

Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) voulait monter à cheval pour rendre visite à certains de ses partisans. Il dit: "Ô Jabir al-Hanafi, suis-moi." Je le suivis. Lorsque nous sommes arrivés à la porte de la maison, un jeune garçon sortit, et Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) lui demanda: "Quel est ton nom?" Il répondit: "Muhammad." Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) demanda: "Par quel nom es-tu appelé?" Il répondit: "Par Ali." Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) lui dit: "Tu es vraiment protégé contre Satan, car lorsque Satan entend un appelant crier 'Ô Muhammad! Ô Ali!', il fond comme le plomb fondu, mais quand il entend un appelant crier le nom d'un de nos ennemis, il tremble et chancelle."

13. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Khalid from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Safwan ibn in a marfu‘ manner who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, or abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has stated this Hadith. ‘This is ‘Muhammad’ (the Messenger of Allah) who has given them permission to name themselves with his name. However, who has given them permission to name themselves ‘Yasin’ which is the name of the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause )?’”

Ceci est Muhammad, il leur a été permis de le nommer ainsi. Celui à qui il est permis de les nommer avec Yasin, qui est le nom du Prophète (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille).

14. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah asked for a sahifah (a book) and he (the Messenger of Allah) wanted to prohibit the use of certain names to use. He (the Messenger of Allah) passed away but he (the Messenger of Allah) did not mention them. Of such names are al- Hakam and Hakim, Khalid and Malik. He (the Imam) said that such names are six or seven and it is not permissible to use them.’”

Le Messager de Dieu (que la prière de Dieu et Son salut soient sur lui) a demandé une feuille de papier lorsqu'il sentit sa fin approcher, voulant interdire l'utilisation de certains noms par lesquels on le désignerait. Il décéda sans les mentionner, parmi eux Al-Hakam, Al-Hakim, Al-Khalid, Al-Malik, et il a mentionné qu'il y en avait six ou sept parmi ceux par lesquels il n'était pas permis de se nommer.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited four Kunyah like abu ‘Isa, abu al-Hakam, abu Malik, abu al-Qasim if the name is Muhammad.’”

Le Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) a interdit quatre surnoms : celui d'Abu Isa, d'Abu Al-Hakam, d'Abu Malik et d'Abu Al-Qasim, lorsque le nom est Muhammad.

16. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Hilal from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The most hated names to Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, are Harith, Malik and Khalid.’”

"Les noms les plus détestés par Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux, sont Harith, Malik et Khalid."

17. Muhammad ibn al-Husayn has narrated from Ja‘far ibn Bashir from ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once heard abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘A man would come to Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and his Kunyah was abu Murrah. When asking for permission at the door he would say, ‘This is abu Murrah at the door.’ Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said to him, ‘I swear you to Allah that when you come to our door do not say, ‘This is abu Murrah at the door (it is Kunyah of Satan).”’

[Traduction complète du texte en français]