Avarice et Cupidité — Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

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1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas’adah ibn Sadaqah from Ja’far from his ancestors, recipients of divine supreme covenant, who has said the following: “’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once heard a man say, ‘A greedy person has more excuses than an unjust person has.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘What you said is false. An unjust person may repent, ask for forgiveness and return usurped property. A greedy person, upon exercising his greed, may withhold payment of zakat, charity, keeping proper relations with relatives, serving guests, spending (for deserving cause) for the sake of Allah and virtuous instances. (On the other hand), it is forbidden to admit a greedy person in the garden (paradise).’”

Isnād`Ali ibn Ibrahim rapporte de Haroun ibn Muslim, de Mas'ada ibn Sadaka, de Ja'far, de ses ancêtres (que la paix soit sur eux), que l'Imam des croyants, que la prière d'Allah soit sur lui, a entendu un homme dire : "Le avare est plus perfide que l'oppresseur". Il lui dit : "Tu mens. Car l'oppresseur peut se repentir, demander pardon, restituer les biens à leurs propriétaires, alors que l'avare, lorsqu'il devient avare, il retient la Zakat, la charité, les liens de parenté, l'accueil des invités, les dépenses dans le chemin d'Allah, les portes de la bienfaisance. Il est interdit au avare d'entrer au Paradis."

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2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain individuals of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When Allah is not interested in a person, He allows greediness to dominate him.’”

IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, d'Ibn Abi Umayr, de certains de ses compagnons, d'Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)

L'Imam Ali (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Si Allah n'a pas de besoin d'un serviteur, Il le met à l'épreuve par la cupidité."

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3. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn abu ‘Umayr from al-Husayn ibn Ahmad from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once asked banu Salmah, ‘O banu Salmah, who is your master and leader?’ They replied, ‘O Messenger of Allah, our chief is a stingy man.’ The Messenger of Allah then said, ‘No illness is more serious than stinginess.’ He then said, ‘In fact, your chief is al-Bara’ ibn Ma‘rur, whose body is white.’”

IsnādAhmad ibn Muhammad, d'Ibn Abi 'Umayr, de Al-Husayn ibn Ahmad, d'Ishaq ibn 'Ammar, d'Abu 'Abdullah (sur lui le salut) a dit:

Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) a dit aux enfants de Salimah: "Ô enfants de Salimah, qui est votre maître?" Ils dirent: "Ô Messager d'Allah, notre maître est un homme avare." Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) dit: "Quelle maladie est pire que l'avarice?" Puis il dit: "Non, votre maître est Al-Abiyad Al-Jasad, Bara' ibn Ma'rur."

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4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father, from abu al-Jahm from Musa ibn Bakr from Ahmad ibn Sulayman who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, Musa, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A stingy person is one who exercises stinginess in paying what Allah has made obligatory upon him to pay.’”

IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté de Ahmad ibn Abi Abdullah, de son père, de Abu al-Jahm, de Musa ibn Bakr, de Ahmad ibn Sulayman, de Abu al-Hasan Musa (que la paix soit sur lui).

Le Prophète (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "L'avare est celui qui est avare de ce qu'Allah lui a prescrit."

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5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas’adah ibn Sadaqah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, has narrated from his father, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, who has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘No other thing is more effacing to Islam than stinginess.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Greediness creeps like an ant and has branches (or thorns) like polytheism.’”

Isnādعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم)

قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَا مَحَقَ الإِسْلامَ مَحْقَ الشُّحِّ شَيْ‏ءٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ لِهَذَا الشُّحِّ دَبِيباً كَدَبِيبِ النَّمْلِ وَشُعَباً كَشُعَبِ الشِّرَكِ وَفِي نُسْخَةٍ أُخْرَى الشَّوْكِ.

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6. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ali from abu Jamilah from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘One who pays zakat that is due on his property and presents gifts to his people is not a stingy person.’”

IsnādAhmad ibn Muhammad, de Muhammad ibn Ali, de Abi Jamilah, de Jabir, de Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)

Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) a dit : "Ce n'est pas avare celui qui s'acquitte de la zakat obligatoire sur sa richesse et qui soutient les membres de sa communauté dans le besoin."

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7. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sharif ibn Sabiq from al-Fadl ibn abu Qurrah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, asked me, ‘Do you know who a greedy person is?’ I replied, ‘He is a stingy person.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘A greedy person is worse than a stingy one. A stingy person is stingy about what is already in his hands. A greedy person is greedy about things that are in the hands of others, as well as about what is in his own hands. Whenever he finds something in other people’s hands, he wishes it to have been his, regardless of lawfulness or otherwise, and he is not satisfied with what Allah has given to him.’”

IsnādAhmad ibn Muhammad - Sharif ibn Sabiq - Al-Fadl ibn Abi Qurra a rapporté que Abu Abdullah (paix soit sur lui) a dit:

Sais-tu ce qu'est l'avare? J'ai répondu : C'est celui qui est avide. Il a dit : L'avare est pire que l'avide. En effet, l'avare retient ce qu'il a entre ses mains, tandis que l'avare retient ce qui est entre les mains des gens et ce qui est en sa possession, à tel point qu'il ne voit rien dans les mains des gens sans souhaiter l'avoir, que ce soit licite ou illicite, et il n'est pas satisfait de ce qu'Allah lui a pourvu.

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8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, from ibn al-Mughirah from al-Mufaddal ibn Salih from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ’One who pays zakat that is due on his property and presents gifts to his people is not stingy. A real stingy person is one who does not pay zakat that is obligatory on his property and does not present any gift to his people, but spends extravagantly on other things.’”

Isnād`Alī ibn Ibrāhīm rapporte de son père, de Ibn al-Mughīra, de al-Mufaḍḍal ibn Sāliḥ, de Jābir, de Abī Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) qui a dit: Le Messager de Dieu (que la prière de Dieu et Son salut soient sur lui) a dit: "Ce n'est pas le radin celui qui acquitte la zakat obligatoire sur sa richesse et donne l'aumône évidente à son peuple. Le véritable avare est celui qui ne paie pas la zakat obligatoire sur sa richesse, ne donne pas l'aumône évidente à son peuple, et pourtant il gaspille dans d'autres choses que cela."`

Ce n'est pas le radin celui qui acquitte la zakat obligatoire sur sa richesse et donne l'aumône évidente à son peuple. Le véritable avare est celui qui ne paie pas la zakat obligatoire sur sa richesse, ne donne pas l'aumône évidente à son peuple, et pourtant il gaspille dans d'autres choses que cela.