Le Cas de Celui qui Fait Vœu de Jeûner un Jour Particulier ou pour Remerciement

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Salih ibn ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, it is upon me to fast for one month if my uncle is released from jail. He came out from jail and I decided to fast the next day, but then a certain person of our people came and I invited him for lunch. I joined him for lunch. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

J'ai dit : "Puissé-je être ton sacrifice, je jeûnerai un mois si mon oncle sort de prison." Il est sorti et je me suis réveillé en voulant jeûner. Certains de nos compagnons sont venus me voir, j'ai donc appelé pour le déjeuner et j'ai mangé avec eux." Il a dit : "Il n'y a pas de mal."

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who has made obligatory upon himself to fast one month in al-Kufah, one month in al-Madinah and one month in Makkah because of an affliction whereby he suffered. He fasted one month in al-Kufah, then he entered al-Madinah and fasted for eighteen days, but then the camel man did not stay any longer. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can fast the remaining days at home when he comes back.’”

[Traduction complète du texte en français si l'isnad n'est pas clairement identifiable]

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has narrated from his ancestors who have narrated this Hadith: ‘Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said about a man, who had vowed to fast for a Zamanan (a certain amount of time), that Zaman is five months, al-Hin is six months; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, ‘It gives its fruits kulla Hin (every time) by the permission of its Lord.’”

...qu'Alī, que les prières d'Allah soient sur lui, a dit à propos d'un homme qui a fait un vœu de jeûner pendant un certain temps : "Le temps est de cinq mois, et le hīn est de six mois, car Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux, dit : 'Elle fournit sa nourriture à chaque hīn par permission de son Seigneur.'"

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Khalid ibn Jarir from abu al-Rabi’ who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who has said, ‘It is from Allah upon me to fast a Hin (a certain amount of time) for thanksgiving.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘A similar case came to Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and he said, ‘Fast for six months; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, ‘It gives its fruits kulla Hin by the permission of its Lord’, that is six months.’”

أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لله عَلَيَّ أَنْ أَصُومَ حِيناً وَذَلِكَ فِي شُكْرٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَدْ أُتِيَ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا فَقَالَ صُمْ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ تُؤْتِي أُكُلَها كُلَّ حِينٍ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّها يَعْنِي سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas’adah ibn Sadaqah who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has narrated from his ancestors, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, who have stated this Hadith. ’If a man places upon himself fasting of certain known days of every month, then he goes on a journey and many months pass, such person is not required to fast on a journey as well as at home when he comes back.’”

concernant un homme qui s'engage à jeûner un certain nombre de jours chaque mois, mais qui voyage et voit les mois passer sans jeûner ni rattraper les jours manqués.

8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who fasts because of what he has timed upon himself or to fast of the sacred months and then one or two months pass during which he does not fast at all. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is not required to fast on a journey and there is not anything of Qada’ (compensatory fast) for optional fast except the three days that he would fast every month. He must not take it as obligatory except that I like you to continue with a good deed.’ He (the Imam) said, ’For the one committing himself to fast in the sacred months, fasting of three days, instead of fasting the whole of sacred month, is sufficient.’”

J'ai interrogé Abu Abdullah (sur lui soit la paix) au sujet d'un homme qui jeûne un jeûne qu'il a prescrit pour lui-même, ou qui jeûne des mois sacrés sans les rattraper. Il a dit : "Il ne doit pas jeûner en voyage et ne doit pas rattraper quoi que ce soit du jeûne surérogatoire, sauf les trois jours qu'il jeûnait chaque mois, sans les considérer comme obligatoires. Cependant, je préfère que tu persévères dans les bonnes actions." Il a dit : "Quant à celui qui jeûnait les jours sacrés et les rattrapait, il doit jeûner en remplacement de chaque mois sacré trois jours."

9. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who places upon himself for Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, fasting of a definite day. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to fast definitely, regardless of being on a journey or at home.’”

J'ai demandé à Abi al-Hasan al-Rida (que la paix de Dieu soit sur lui) au sujet de l'homme qui observe un jeûne un jour spécifique en l'honneur de Dieu, exalté soit-Il. Il a dit : "Il jeûne ce jour éternellement, que ce soit en voyage ou en résidence."

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “My mother had placed upon herself from Allah to fast a certain day if Allah returned one of her children safely from the danger of which she was afraid, and she would then fast the day her child came back. She did not stay; instead came out with us for Makkah and it became difficult for us because we did not know whether she was required to fast or not. I then asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about it and explained to him (the Imam) what she had done. He (the Imam) said, ’She is not required to fast on a journey. Allah has exempted her of His rights: why then must she fast because of what she has placed from Allah upon herself?’ I then asked him (the Imam), ‘What will happen if she did not do it at all?’ He (the Imam) said, ’If so, I fear for her to experience in the matter for which she had vowed to see what she may dislike.’”

"Ma mère avait fait un vœu pour Allah sur elle-même, que si Allah lui rendait une partie de ses enfants en bonne santé, elle jeûnerait ce jour-là où elle resterait. Elle est partie en voyage avec nous pour se rendre à La Mecque. Elle était dans l'embarras et nous ne savions pas si elle devait jeûner ou rompre le jeûne. J'ai demandé à Aba Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) à ce sujet et je lui ai informé de ce qu'elle avait promis. Il a dit : 'Ne jeûne pas en voyage, Allah a levé cette obligation de toi, et tu jeûnes ce que tu as promis à toi-même.' J'ai dit : 'Que penses-tu si elle arrive et abandonne cela ?' Il a répondu : 'Je crains qu'elle voie dans ce qu'elle a promis quelque chose qu'elle n'aime pas.'"