Lorsque le Tayammum est nécessaire et la recherche d'eau par la suite

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘If means of cleansing (water for Ghusl (bath)) cannot be found after experiencing sexual relation, one must wipe one’s face with (soil for Tayammum) earth, then perform Salah (prayer). When water is found, Ghusl (bath) must be taken and Salah (prayer) so performed is sufficient.’”

Si un homme ne trouve pas de purification et qu'il est en état d'impureté majeure, qu'il se frotte la terre et qu'il accomplisse sa prière. Puis s'il trouve de l'eau, qu'il se purifie, et sa prière qu'il a accomplie est valable.

4. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Can one perform with a single Wudu’ the Salah (prayer) of a whole day and night? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is permissible as long as one has a valid Wudu’.’ I then asked, ‘Is it permissible in the case of one Tayammum also? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is permissible as long as one has a valid Wudu’ and still has not found water.’ I then asked, ‘What is one’s duty if water is found or has hopes to be able to find other water and has a greater hope to find water when one would want but it then becomes difficult?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘In such case Wudu’ becomes invalid therefore; Tayammum must be taken again.’ I then asked, ‘What is the obligation if water is found when one is performing Salah (prayer)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It must be discontinued to take Wudu’ if one has not yet assumed the position of Ruku‘; once already in the position of Ruku‘, Salah (prayer) must be continued; Tayammum is one of the two forms of Taharat (cleansing).”’

J'ai demandé à Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) : "Est-ce qu'un homme peut accomplir la prière de la nuit et du jour entières avec un seul wudhu ?" Il a répondu : "Oui, tant qu'il ne se souille pas." J'ai demandé : "Peut-il alors prier la nuit et le jour entiers avec un seul tayammum ?" Il a répondu : "Oui, tant qu'il ne se souille pas ou ne trouve pas d'eau." J'ai demandé : "Et s'il trouve de l'eau, mais espère pouvoir en trouver une autre et pense pouvoir en trouver chaque fois qu'il le souhaite, est-ce difficile pour lui ?" Il a dit : "Dans ce cas, son tayammum est annulé et il doit le refaire." J'ai demandé : "Et s'il trouve de l'eau après avoir commencé la prière ?" Il a répondu : "Qu'il s'éloigne et fasse ses ablutions tant qu'il n'a pas encore effectué une inclinaison. S'il a déjà incliné, qu'il continue sa prière, car le tayammum est l'un des deux purificateurs."

5. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Asim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who cannot find water and with Tayammum begins to perform Salah (prayer); then the boy brings water for him. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has not yet assumed the position of Ruku‘, he must discontinue his Salah (prayer) for Wudu’, but if he has already assumed Ruku‘ position, he must continue with his Salah (prayer).”’

J'ai interrogé Abou 'Abdillah (sur lui soit la paix) au sujet de l'homme qui ne trouve pas d'eau, accomplit le tayammum et prie, puis survient un enfant disant : "Voici de l'eau". Il a répondu : "S'il n'a pas encore effectué la prosternation, qu'il s'en aille, fasse ses ablutions et, s'il l'a déjà faite, qu'il poursuive sa prière".

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Dawud al-Riqqiy who has said the following: “I once said to abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. ‘During a journey if I cannot find water when it is time of Salah (prayer); but it is said that water is nearby. Must I then search in the right and left directions when it is time for Salah (prayer)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not search for water, instead take Tayammum; I fear you may remain behind your companions and you may get lost or be eaten by the beasts.’”

Ne cherche pas l'eau, mais accomplis le Tayammum, car je crains que tu ne retardes tes compagnons et te perdes, et que les bêtes sauvages te dévorent.

7. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-Husayn ibn abu af-‘Afa’ who has said the foflowing: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who passes by a well but does not have a bucket (to draw water). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not necessary for him to climb down the well; the Lord of water is the Lord the earth; he must take Tayammum.’”

Il n'est pas obligé de descendre au réservoir, car le Seigneur de l'eau est le Seigneur de la terre. Qu'il fasse donc les ablutions sèches.

8. Af-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from ai-Washsha’ from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from Ya’qub ibn Salim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who does not have any water (for Wudu’) during a journey, but there is water on the right or left side of the road at a distance of once or twice throwing of an arrow or so. He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not command him to mislead himself and then be endangered by the beasts or thieves.’”

J'ai interrogé Abu 'Abdillah (sur lui la paix) au sujet d'un homme qui n'a pas d'eau avec lui, et l'eau se trouve à sa droite sur le chemin et à sa gauche à deux parasanges ou quelque chose de similaire. Il a dit : "Je ne lui ordonne pas de se mettre en danger lui-même, au risque d'être attaqué par un voleur ou un animal sauvage."

9. Muhammad ibn ’Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan from Mansur ibn Hazim from ibn abu Ya’qub and ‘Anbasah ibn Mus’ab who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you come to a well when you have experienced sexual relation and cannot find a bucket or other means to draw water, you must take Tayammum with soil; the Lord of water and the Lord of the soil is one. Do not climb down the well and destroy people’s water.’”

Quand tu viens à un puits en étant en état de grande impureté et que tu ne trouves ni seau ni quoi que ce soit pour puiser, alors accomplis le tayammum avec la terre, car le Seigneur de l'eau est le même que le Seigneur de la terre. Ne tombe pas dans le puits et ne gâche pas l'eau des gens.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who during a journey had a certain amount of water but forgot all about it, and with Tayammum performed Salah (prayer). Then he remembered that there was water with him and still there is time for Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘He must take Wudu’ and perform Salah (prayer) again.’ I (the narrator) then asked him (the Imam) if Tayammum for one experiencing Hayd (menses) and sexual relation who cannot find water is the same. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is the same.’”