Mensonges et Falsification

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Isma’il ibn Mehran from Sayf ibn ‘ Amirah from those whom has mentioned (in his book) from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) would say to his children, ‘Be on your guard against lies, the small lies and the bigger lies in all the serious and trivial matters. If a man lies in a small matter, he grows bold to lie in a bigger one. Have you not noted that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘As long as a servant (of Allah) speaks the truth Allah writes him down as the truthful one and, if one continues speaking lies Allah writes him down as a liar?

Ali ibn al-Husayn (que la prière d'Allah et Ses salutations soient sur lui) disait à son fils : "Craignez le mensonge, qu'il soit petit ou grand, dans chaque sérieux ou plaisanterie, car lorsque l'homme ment dans le petit, il finit par mentir dans le grand. Ne savez-vous pas que le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Ses salutations soient sur lui et sa famille) a dit : L'homme continue de dire la vérité jusqu'à ce qu'il soit inscrit auprès d'Allah comme véridique, et il continue de mentir jusqu'à ce qu'il soit inscrit auprès d'Allah comme menteur."

3. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from ibn Muskan from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has created certain locks for evil. He has made wine the key to those locks. Lying is more evil than wine.”

Certes, Allah, Puissant et Majestueux, a assigné des verrous au mal et a fait des clés de ces verrous le mensonge et l'alcool, le mensonge étant pire que l'alcool.

4. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from his father from those whom has mentioned (in his book) from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from abu Layla’ from his father from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘Lying is the destruction ofbelief.”’

"Certes, le mensonge est la destruction de la foi."

5. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Muhammad from Salih ibn abu Hammad all from al-Washsha’ from Ahmad ibn ‘A’id from abu Khadijah from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Forgery against Allah and the Messenger of Allah is of the major sins.”’

"Le mensonge contre Allah et contre Son Messager (qu'Allah prie sur lui et sur sa famille) fait partie des grands péchés."

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban al-Ahmar from Fudayl ibn Yasar from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘The first one to rebuff the liar is Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, then the two angels who are with him, then he is the one who knows he is a liar.’”

Certes, le premier à démentir le menteur est Allah, le Très Haut, puis les deux anges qui l'accompagnent, ensuite il sait qu'il ment.

7. Ali ibn al-Hakam has narrated (from Aban) from ‘Umar ibn Yazid who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘A liar is destroyed by means of clear evidence (his false claims) and his followers are destroyed on ambiguous evidence (accepting a leader whose qualification is doubtful).”’

"Certes, le menteur est détruit par les preuves évidentes, et ses adeptes sont détruits par les ambiguïtés."

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn abu Najran from Mu’awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘Of the signs of lies in a liar is his telling you news of heaven, earth. East and West, but when you ask him about what Allah has made unlawful and what He has made lawful, you will find nothing with him (devoid of the knowledge of Shari’a).”’

"La marque du menteur est de te raconter des nouvelles du ciel, de la terre, de l'est et de l'ouest. Mais si tu lui demandes sur ce qui est licite et illicite selon Allah, il n'aura aucune connaissance à ce sujet."

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mansur ibn Yunus from abu Basir who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘It is certain that a lie destroys fasting (invalidates it).’ I then said, ‘Who is he among us who is not such a person?’ The Imam said, ‘It is not as you think it is. It is forging lies against Allah, the Messenger of Allah and ‘A’immah, recipients of divine supreme covenant.’”

"Certes, le mensonge rompt le jeûne." J'ai demandé : "Et qui parmi nous n'en est pas exempt ?" Il a répondu : "Nulle part où tu vas. Ce mensonge concerne seulement Allah, Son Messager et les Imāms (qu'Allah prie sur eux et sur leur famille)."

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from certain individuals of his people in a marfu’ manner from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “It was mentioned before Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) that the weaver (knitting) is condemned. The Imam said, ‘It is the one who weaves and fabricates lies against Allah and the Messenger of Allah.”’

Il a été mentionné à Abi Abdullah (sur lui la paix) que Al-Ha'ik a été maudit. Il a répondu: "Celui-là est celui qui invente le mensonge contre Allah et contre Son Messager (que la prière d'Allah et Sa paix soient sur lui et sur sa famille)."

11. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father from al-Qasim ibn ‘Urwah from ‘Abd al-Hamid al-Ta’I from al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) has said, ‘A servant (of Allah) does not sense the taste of belief until he stays away from lies, serious ones as well as trivial ones.’”

"Un serviteur ne goûte pas la saveur de la foi tant qu'il ne laisse pas le mensonge, que ce soit en plaisanterie ou sérieux."

12. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) ‘Is a liar one who lies about something?’ The Imam said, ‘No, there is no one who does not do so. It is those in whom lying becomes a thing of second nature.’”

Le menteur est celui qui ment dans quelque chose ?" Il a répondu : "Non, cela est présent en chacun, mais la marque distinctive du mensonge est imprimée sur lui.

13. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from al- Hassan ibn Tarif from his father from those whom has mentioned (in his book) from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Jesus, son of Mary has said, “One who lies, often his grace goes away.’”

Jésus, fils de Marie (sur eux la paix), a dit: "Celui dont le mensonge devient fréquent, sa splendeur s'évanouit."

14. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn Salim in a marfu’ manner from Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) who has said the following: “It is very proper for a Muslim man to avoid friendship and brotherhood with a liar; he lies and, even if he comes with truth, he is not believed and trusted.”

Il convient à l'homme musulman d'éviter la compagnie du menteur, car il ment jusqu'à ce qu'il apporte la vérité et ne soit pas cru.

15. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ibn Faddal from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurara who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘The assistance that Allah finds (for His cause) against the liars is in (their) forgetfulness.’”

Certes, parmi ce avec quoi Allah a aidé contre les menteurs, il y a l'oubli.

16. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from abu Yahya al-Wasiti from certain individuals of our people from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Statements are of three kinds: true, false and to establish truce among people.’ The narrator has said that it was asked of him, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, what is establishing truce among people?’ The Imam said, ‘It is when you hear something about a man that, if he himself may hear it, his soul turns filthy (with anger) but when you meet him you say, ‘I heard so and so saying very good things about you, which is opposite of what you have actually heard about him.’”

Les paroles sont de trois sortes : la vérité, le mensonge et la réconciliation entre les gens. On lui demanda : "Que signifie la réconciliation entre les gens ?" Il répondit : "Tu entends un homme dire quelque chose qui te déplaît, puis ta colère s'apaise et tu lui dis : 'J'ai entendu de untel telle chose', alors qu'en réalité il a dit autre chose."

17. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from al-Hassan al-Sayqal who has said the following: “Once I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) ‘We narrate it from abu Ja’far (a.s.) about the words of Yusuf, “O people of the camels, you are thieves.” (12:70) The Imam said, ‘By Allah, they did not steal and he did not lie.’

Le contenu principal du hadith met en lumière l'importance de la réconciliation et de la vérité dans les actions des individus, soulignant que la sincérité et la recherche de la réconciliation sont des valeurs appréciées par Allah, tandis que le mensonge et le comportement malveillant sont désapprouvés. Ce récit met en avant la sagesse et la justice dans la résolution des conflits, montrant que la vérité et la réconciliation sont des principes fondamentaux à suivre.

18. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from his father from Safwan from abu Mukhallad al-Sarraj from ‘Isa ibn Hassan who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘A person lying will be held accountable for all kinds of lies except three kinds: a man plotting in his fight will not be held accountable, a man trying to establish peace between antagonistic parties who may say something other than a party may have said with the intention to establish peace between them or a man who may promise his family something but he does not want to complete it.’”

Chaque menteur sera interrogé au sujet de son mensonge un jour, sauf dans trois cas : un homme qui ment pour rapprocher deux parties en conflit, cela ne lui sera pas reproché, ou un homme qui réconcilie deux personnes qui se rencontrent sans qu'il ne le fasse, cherchant ainsi à rétablir la paix entre eux, ou un homme qui promet quelque chose à sa famille sans avoir l'intention de le réaliser.

19. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn Mughirah from Mu’awiyah ibn ‘Ammar from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘A reformer (a peace maker) is not a liar.’”

Le réformateur n'est pas un menteur.

20. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd Allah ibn Yahya al-Kahili from Muhammad ibn Malik from ‘Abd al-‘Ala’ Mawla ale Sam who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) stated to me a Hadith and I said, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, did you not have a (Za’m) about me a while ago of such and such nature?’ The Imam said, ‘No.’ The narrator has said that it became very hard for me to understand and I said, ‘Yes, by Allah you did have such (Za’m) about me.’ The Imam said, ‘No, by Allah, I did not have such (Za’m) about you.’ The narrator has said that it became even more difficult for me to understand and I said, ‘Yes, by Allah, you did say it.’ The Imam said, ‘Yes, I did say but do you not know that all (Za’m) in the Quran signify lies?’ (The word Za ’m in Arabic may mean to believe, to think, to guess, to surmise and so forth. The Imam (a.s.) explained to the narrator that in the Quran this word is used to mean something not true and that he (the Imam) had not used the word “Za’m” in the sense the Holy Quran has used)

[Le contenu principal du hadith]

21. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Asbat from abu Ishaq al-Khurasani who has said the following: “Amir al-Mifminin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) would say, ‘Beware of lying; every hopeful strives to make his wish come true and every fearful person runs away (and I do not find this quality in you).”

"L'Imam des croyants (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui et sur sa famille) a dit : Méfiez-vous du mensonge, car tout menteur est un demandeur, et tout craintif est un fuyard."

22. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘ Abd al-Jabbar from Hajjal from Tha’labah from Mu’ammar ibn ‘Amr from ‘Ata’ from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘A peace maker is not accused of lying’ and then he read the following verse of the Holy Quran: . O people of camel, you are thieves.’ (12:70) Then he said, ‘By Allah, they did not steal and he (Joseph) did not lie.’ Then he read the following verse: ‘. . . in fact, it is the large one among them who has done it. Ask them if they can speak.’ (22: 63) Then he said, ‘By Allah, they (people) did not do it (asked the idols) and he did not lie.’”

[Le contenu du hadith]